Half of Spain's Muslim population resides in Catalonia providing challenges and opportunities for the application of convivència. It should be understood that these differences do not guarantee better or different social outcomes for immigrants but rather that these concepts form part of the way Catalans understand their own society in distinct ways. Following these principles, in most Catalan communities, the preferred term for immigrant is "nouvingut" (newcomer) suggesting the language of hospitality rather than that of social or legal policy. And while convivència encompasses the relations between natives and newcomers, it also concerns the relations between people of shared origins, therefore de-emphasizing cultural differences. Both concepts convivència and neighbor emphasize concrete local specificity over disembodied abstraction. Citizenship is an abstract concept one may be a citizen of one place yet reside in another but a person can only be a neighbor in one determinant place at a time.
#Las normas de convivencia wikipedia registration#
Catalan law does not acknowledge citizens but rather neighbors ( veïns) through the principle of veïnatge administratiu (neighborhood jurisdiction) established by municipal registration ( l'empadronament) regardless of citizenship. While equivalents for all of these concepts exist in Catalonia, they are not the dominant nor even the legally significant ideas. The rights of these cultural others often hinge on the question of their citizenship. The term multiculturalism is predicated on the existence of distinct, sometimes static cultural identities and often provoke debate regarding the conception of human rights as universal or particular to a cultural group. In other parts of Europe, or in the US, the mixed societies that result from immigration are often discussed in terms of multiculturalism. From this definition we understand convivència (active relations between neighbors), in contradistinction to coexistence (minimal, passively produced relations between neighbors), and to hostility." Convivència vs multiculturalism: implications for citizenship One should bear in mind that when people live together, conflicts arise: this need not be seen as a problem but rather as an impetus to change. "We can define convivència in the broadest sense of the concept, to live in the company of others with whom we interact with empathy, sharing, communication, and the regulation of conflict. This sense of conflict as productive is an important feature of convivència. Civisme is often understood as a top-down, legislative imposition of universal norms over the population whereas convivència (while also sometimes being legislated) is perceived as a bottom-up, neighbor-to-neighbor process whereby residents work out solutions to conflicts among themselves.
#Las normas de convivencia wikipedia full#
In subsequent decades, the term became the dominant frame of shared social existence in Catalonia and no longer carried a passive sense of mere tolerance but rather the active engagement of relations between neighbors and of the full expression of cultural pluralism in which there is public space for all traditions Convivència overlaps semantically with the concept of civility ( civisme) to the extent that both may refer to mutual respect in the shared use of public space yet there is an important distinction. As Pujol employed the term, convivència signified tolerance and linguistic accommodation between native born Catalans and the Castilian-speaking "new Catalans" or "other Catalans" who had migrated from Southern Spain in such numbers as to constitute roughly half of the population of Catalonia. It was first popularized in reference to contemporary phenomena by former Catalan President Jordi Pujol, in the early years of the return to democracy following the dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1939–75). This Muslim barber has named his shop with the Catalan word for "Friendship." This may express the Islamic value of neighborliness, often linked to convivència by Muslims in Catalonia.Ĭonvivència (literally "to live together") is a Catalan term, distinct from the Castilian term, convivencia, the latter primarily referring to the historical and disputed coexistence of Jews, Muslims and Christians in Medieval Iberia.
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